Van Castle

Van Citadel: The Mighty Fortress of the Urartian Kingdom

🏰 The Van Citadel, also known as Van Fortress, is a monumental stronghold built by the ancient Kingdom of Urartu between the 9th and 7th centuries BCE. Perched high above the ruins of Tushpa, the former Urartian capital, it stands as the largest surviving example of Urartian fortress architecture.

A Masterpiece of Ancient Engineering

⚒️ Constructed using two distinct building materials, Van Citadel showcases the advanced craftsmanship of the Urartians:

• The lower sections were built from non-mortared basalt, providing a sturdy and resilient foundation.
• The upper sections were made from mud brick, a more common and practical material for construction in the region.

🏗️ Despite the simplicity of some of its materials, the massive scale and strategic positioning of the fortress demonstrate its importance as a military and administrative center.

The Xerxes Inscription: A Unique Historical Treasure

📜 Carved 20 meters above the ground, a remarkable inscription spans two generations of Persian kings:

• 🏛️ King Darius I of the Achaemenid Empire first carved the niche, preparing the stone surface for future use.
• ✍️ His son, Xerxes the Great, later added a trilingual inscription in Old Persian, Babylonian, and Elamite.

🌍 This inscription is particularly significant as it is the only known Achaemenid royal inscription found outside Iran, highlighting the extent of Persian influence in Anatolia.

A Must-Visit Historical Landmark

🌄 Standing atop Van Citadel offers breathtaking panoramic views of Lake Van and the surrounding landscapes, making it one of the most spectacular historical sites in Eastern Turkey.

✨ Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an archaeology lover, or simply an admirer of ancient wonders, Van Citadel provides an unforgettable journey into the legacy of the Urartians and the Persian Empire.